View source for TS-7100

{{Note|This manual is incomplete at this time and is subject to change without warning while the TS-7100 is in Engineering Sampling phase.}}


{{Infobox
|title        = TS-7100-Z
|image        = https://www.embeddedarm.com/images/boards/medium/ts-7100-z.gif
|titlestyle   =
|headerstyle  = background:#ccf;
|labelstyle   = width:33%
|datastyle    =
|data1        = [http://www.embeddedarm.com/products/board-detail.php?product=TS-7100 Product Page]
|header2      = Documentation
|data3        = [https://www.embeddedarm.com/documentation/ts-7100-schematic.pdf Schematic]
|data4        = [https://www.embeddedarm.com/documentation/ts-7100-mechanical.pdf Mechanical Drawing]
|data5        = [https://files.embeddedarm.com/ts-arm-sbc/ts-7100-linux/ FTP Path]
|header6      = Processor
|data7        = NXP i.MX6UL
|data8        = 696 MHz
|data11       = [http://www.nxp.com/products/microcontrollers-and-processors/arm-processors/i.mx-applications-processors/i.mx-6-processors/i.mx6qp/i.mx-6ultralite-processor-low-power-secure-arm-cortex-a7-core:i.MX6UL? i.MX6UL Product Page]
|data12       = [http://www.nxp.com/products/microcontrollers-and-processors/arm-processors/i.mx-applications-processors/i.mx-6-processors/i.mx6qp/i.mx-6ultralite-processor-low-power-secure-arm-cortex-a7-core:i.MX6UL?fpsp=1&tab=Documentation_Tab# CPU Documentation]
}}

__TOC__


= About This Manual =
{{:TS-7100_about_manual}}


= Overview =
{{:TS-7100_overview}}

The TS-7100-Z is the TS-7100 mated with the TS-7100-Z I/O board. The TS-7100-Z offers a DIN rail mountable enclosure with LCD and touch screen display, as well as wireless connectivity and industrial I/O. Peripherals available on the TS-7100-Z board include: [[#WIFI|soldered down WiFi]] with built in [[#Bluetooth|Bluetooth]], our [[#SuperCaps|TS-SILO supercapacitor]] technology for safe shutdown upon power loss, dual [[#Ethernet_Interfaces|10/100 Ethernet ports]], [[#Relays|two relays]], [[#USB_Host|dual USB host ports]], 30 VDC high-current low-side switch outputs or digital inputs, dedicated 30 VDC digital inputs, dedicated high-side switch output, 0-12 V or 4-20 mA ADC inputs, with all I/O protected by a hardware over-voltage or over-current breaker system, and a 8 V to 48 V DC input range.

= Getting Started =
{{:TS-7100_getting_started}}

= U-Boot =
{{:TS-7100_U-Boot_Sections}}


<!-- Currently only Stretch is supported, as other distributions come out, this can be all placed in a single subsection for ease of portability -->
= Debian 10 =
{{:Debian Buster Description}}

== Debian 10 - Getting Started ==
{{:TS-7250-V3 Buster Getting started}}

== Debian 10 - Configuring the Network ==
{{:Debian Buster Network}}

== Debian 10 - Installing New Software ==
{{:Buster installing software}}

== Debian 10 - Setting Up SSH ==
{{:Buster setup ssh}}

== Debian 10 - Starting Automatically ==
{{:Buster Startup Scripts}}

== Debian 10 - Cross Compiling ==
{{:Buster armhf cross compile}}

= Buildroot Configuration =
{{:TS-7100_buildroot}}


= Backup / Restore =
== Creating A Backup / Production Image ==
{{Note|This section is incomplete at this time.}}


== Restoring Stock / Backup / Production Image ==
=== Booted from USB / NFS ===
{{:TS-7100 eMMC Restore}}


= Compile the Kernel =
{{:TS-7100_kernel_compile_guide}}


= Production Mechanism =
The TS-7100's U-Boot has the ability to locate and run a U-Boot script file named /tsinit.ub on the root of a USB drive.  This process occurs when attempting to [[#Entering_U-Boot_shell|boot to the U-Boot shell]].  If this script exists, U-Boot will load and run it automatically.  This is intended for the initial production of units and allows mass programming various media from a USB mass storage device.

The USB blasting image can be downloaded [https://files.embeddedarm.com/ts-arm-sbc/ts-7100-linux/usb-blaster/tsimx6ul_usb_blaster-latest.tar.bz2 here].  This includes a basic Linux kernel and a small initramfs that will mount the USB drive at "/mnt/usb/" and execute "/mnt/usb/blast.sh". 

{{:Tsimx6ul_usb_production}}


= Features=
== ADC ==
{{:TS-7100 ADC}}
=== 0-50 V ===
{{:TS-7100 50V ADC}}

=== 0-12 V ===
{{:TS-7100 12V ADC}}

=== 4-20 mA ===
{{:TS-7100 20mA ADC}}

== Battery Backed RTC ==
{{:TS-7100_RTC}}

The TS-7100-Z I/O board provides battery backed power to the RTC via a replaceable CR1632 coin cell. 


== Bluetooth ==
{{:imx6ul Bluetooth}}


==CAN==
The TS-7100-Z CPU has a single FlexCAN port that uses the Linux SocketCAN implementation.  The port can be set up and used with the following command:
<source lang="bash">
ip link set can0 up type can bitrate 1000000
</source><br>

The CAN transceiver is automatically controlled by the kernel.  If the interface is brought up in Linux then the transceiver will be enabled. By default when the kernel boots, the interface is down, and therefore the transceiver is disabled.

At this point, the port can be used with standard SocketCAN libraries. In Debian, we provide the utilities 'cansend' and 'candump' to test the ports or as a simple packet send/receive tool. In order to test the port, tie CAN_H to the CAN_H pin of the bus, doing the same for the CAN_L pin.  Then use the following commands:
<source lang="bash">
candump can0
# This command will echo all data received on the bus to the terminal

cansend can0 7Df#03010c
#This command will send out the above CAN packet to the bus
</source><br>
{{:CAN_Generic}}


== CPU ==
{{:imx6ul_CPU}}


== eMMC Interface ==
{{Note|This section is incomplete at this time.}}
The i.MX6UL SD card controller supports the MMC specification, the TS-7100 includes a soldered down eMMC IC to provide on-board flash media.    

Our default software image contains 2 partitions:

{|class=wikitable
! Device
! Contents
|-
| /dev/mmcblk0
| eMMC block device
|-
| /dev/mmcblk0boot0
| eMMC boot partition
|-
| /dev/mmcblk0boot1
| eMMC boot partition
|-
| /dev/mmcblk0p1
| Full Debian Linux partition
|}


This platform includes an eMMC device, a soldered down MMC flash device. Our off the shelf builds are 4 GB, but up to 64 GB are available for customized builds.  The eMMC flash appears to Linux as an SD card at /dev/mmcblk0. The eMMC includes additional boot partitions that are used by U-Boot and are not affected by the eMMC partition table.

The eMMC module has a similar concern by default to SD cards in that they should not be powered down during a write/erase cycle.  However, this eMMC module includes support for setting a fuse for a "Write Reliability" mode, and a "psuedo SLC (pSLC)" mode.  With both of these enabled all writes will be atomic to 512 B and each NAND cell will be treated as a single layer rather than a multi-layer cell.  If a sector is being written during a power loss, a block is guaranteed to have either the old or new data.  Even in cases where the wrong data is present on the next boot, fsck is often able to deal with the older data being present in a 512 B block.  The downsides to setting these modes are that it will reduce the overall write speed and halve the available space on the eMMC to roughly 1.759 GiB.  Please note that even with these settings, Technologic Systems strongly recommends designing the end application to eliminate any situations where a power-loss event can occur while any disk is mounted as read/write.  The [[#TS-SILO Supercapacitors|TS-SILO option]] available on certain TS-7100 I/O boards can help to eliminate the dangerous situation.

The 'mmc-utils' package is used to enable these modes.  The command is pre-installed on the latest image.  Additionally we have created a script to safely enable the write reliability and pSLC modes.  Since the [[#U-Boot|U-Boot binary and environment]] reside on the eMMC, care must be taken to save the current state of the boot partitions, enable the modes, restore the boot partitions, and re-enable proper booting options.  This script can be used in combination with the [[#Production_Mechanism|production mechanism scripting]] to complete these steps as part of an end application production process.


{{Warning|Enabling these modes causes all data on the disk to become invalid and must be rewritten.  Do not attempt to run the 'mmc' commands from the script individually, all steps in the script must occur as they are or the unit may be unable to boot.  If there are any failures of the script, care must be taken to resolve any issues while the unit is still booted or it may fail to boot in the future.}}

{{Note|Enabling these modes is a one-way operation, it is not possible to undo them once they are made.  Because of this, setting these eMMC modes will invalidate Technologic Systems' return/replacement warranty on the unit.  See the [[#Limited_Warranty|warranty section]] for more information on this.}}


The 'emmc_reliability' script can be found in the [https://github.com/embeddedarm/ts7100-utils TS-7100 utilities github repository].

The script must be run when boot from any media other than eMMC, such as NFS, or USB.  No partition of the eMMC disk can be mounted when these commands are run.  Doing so may result in corruption or inability for the unit to boot.  Once the pSLC mode is enabled, all data on the disk will become invalid.  This means the partition table will need to be re-created, the filesystems formatted, and all filesystem contents re-written to disk.  This is why we recommend using this script in conjunction with the [[#Production_Mechanism|production mechanism scripting]].  The 'emmc_reliability' script can be run first, then the rest of the production script can create and format the partitions as well as write data to disk.  

The script requires a single argument, the device node of the eMMC disk, and will output verbosely to stderr.  Any specific errors will also be printed out on stderr.

Example usage:
<source lang="bash">
./emmc_reliability /dev/mmcblk0
</source>
Upon successful run, the script will return 0.  Any errors will return a positive code.  See the script for detailed error code information.


== Ethernet ==
The NXP processor implements two 10/100 ethernet controllers with support built into the Linux kernel.  Standard Linux utilities such as ifconfig/ip can be used to control this interface.  See the [[#Configuring the Network|Configuring the Network]] section for more details.  For the specifics of this interface see the [http://www.nxp.com/products/microcontrollers-and-processors/arm-processors/i.mx-applications-processors/i.mx-6-processors/i.mx6qp/i.mx-6ultralite-processor-low-power-secure-arm-cortex-a7-core:i.MX6UL?fpsp=1&tab=Documentation_Tab# CPU manual].

== FPGA ==
{{:TS-7100_FPGA}}


== FRAM ==

<!--The 7553v2 and 7840 transclude the page {{:FM25L16B_FRAM}. for the 7100, some of it is inadequate or wrong.  -->
The Cypress FM25L16B provides 2 KB of non-volatile memory in a manner not unlike an SPI EEPROM. However, the nature of ferro-electric RAM (FRAM) means it is incredibly fast to write, and is specified with 100 trillion read/write cycles per each byte and a 150 year data retention at temperatures below 65 ℃.

The FRAM can be accessed as a flat file from Linux:
<source lang=bash>
# xxd -a /sys/bus/spi/devices/spi32766.0/eeprom | head
00000000: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000  ................
*
000007f0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0075  ...............u
</source>

If U-Boot's [http://www.denx.de/wiki/view/DULG/UBootBootCountLimit bootcount tracking] environment variable is enabled, the last byte of FRAM is reserved for storing the boot count, and care should be taken to not overwrite it inadvertently. In U-Boot, the boot count can be accessed with the 'fram' command.


== GPIO ==
{{Note|This section is incomplete at this time.}}

The i.MX6UL CPU and FPGA GPIO are exposed using a kernel character device. This interface provides a set of files and directories for interacting with GPIO which can be used from any language that interact with special files in linux using ioctl() or similar. For our platforms, we pre-install the "libgpiod" library and binaries. Documentation on these tools can be found [https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/libs/libgpiod/libgpiod.git/tree/README here]. This section only covers using these userspace tools and does not provide guidance on using the libgpiod library in end applications. Please see the libgpiod documentation for this purpose.

A user with suitable permissions to read and write /dev/gpiochip* files can immediately interact with GPIO pins. For example, to see if input power has failed:
<source lang=bash>
gpioget 4 0
</source>
Multiple pins in the same chip can be read simultaneously by passing multiple pin numbers separated by spaces.

To write to a pin, the 'gpioset' command is used. For example, to set [[#Relays|Relay 1]]:
<source lang=bash>
gpioset 4 4=1
</source>
Multiple pins in the same chip can be set simultaneously by passing multiple pin=value pairs separated by spaces.

If a call with 'gpioset' or 'gpioget' fails with "Device or resource busy," that means that specific GPIO is claimed by another device. The command 'cat /sys/kernel/debug/gpio' can be used to get a list of all of the system GPIO and what has claimed them.

The 'gpiomon' tool can be used to monitor pins for changes.


{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Chip
! Pin
! Location
|-
| 0
| 0
| [[#ADC|AIN 4]] or [[#Digital_Inputs|Digital Input AIN 4]] on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 0
| 4
| [[#ADC|AIN 0]] on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 0
| 5
| [[#ADC|AIN 1]] or [[#Digital_Inputs|Digital Input AIN 1]] on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 0
| 8
| [[#ADC|AIN 2]] or [[#Digital_Inputs|Digital Input AIN 2]] on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 0
| 9
| [[#ADC|AIN 3]] or [[#Digital_Inputs|Digital Input AIN 3]] on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 0
| 18
| [[#LEDs|CPU Board Red LED]]
|-
| 0
| 19
| [[#LEDs|CPU Board Green LED]]
|-
| 4
| 0
| [[#TS-SILO_Supercapacitors|Power Input Failure]]
|-
| 4
| 1
| [[#Interrupts|FPGA Interrupt input pin]]
|-
| 4
| 4
| [[#Relays|Relay 1]] on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 4
| 5
| [[#Relays|Relay 2]] on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 5
| 0
| [[#Digital_Outputs|DIO 1 Out]] or PWM on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 5
| 1
| [[#Digital_Outputs|DIO 2 Out]] or PWM on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 5
| 2
| [[#Digital_Inputs|DIO 1 In]] on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 5
| 3
| [[#Digital_Inputs|DIO 2 In]] on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 5
| 4
| [[#Digital_Inputs|DIO 3 In]] on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 5
| 5
| FPGA DIO 06
|-
| 5
| 6
| [[#Digital_Inputs|Digital In 1]] on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 5
| 7
| [[#Digital_Inputs|Digital In 2]] on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 5
| 8
| [[#Digital_Inputs|Digital In 3]] on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 5
| 9
| [[#ADC|AIN 1 4-20 mA current loop enable]]
|-
| 5
| 10
| [[#ADC|AIN 2 4-20 mA current loop enable]]
|-
| 5
| 11
| [[#ADC|AIN 3 4-20 mA current loop enable]]
|-
| 5
| 12
| Reserved
|-
| 5
| 13
| Reserved
|-
| 5
| 14
| [[#ADC|AIN 4 4-20 mA current loop enable]]
|-
| 5
| 15
| [[#Digital_Outputs|High-Side Switch]] or HSPWM
|-
| 6
| 1
| [[#ADC|AIN 1 0-12 V meas. mode]] <ref name=ain12v>This bit is read only. Clearing the associated current loop enable bit will set this bit, setting the CL enable will clear this bit</ref>
|-
| 6
| 2
| [[#ADC|AIN 2 0-12 V meas. mode]] <ref name=ain12v/>
|-
| 6
| 3
| [[#ADC|AIN 3 0-12 V meas. mode]] <ref name=ain12v/>
|-
| 6
| 4
| [[#ADC|AIN 4 0-12 V meas. mode]] <ref name=ain12v/>
|-
| 6
| 5
| en usb host 5v
|-
| 6
| 6
| eth PHY reset
|-
| 6
| 7
| wifi reset
|-
| 6
| 8
| [[#LEDs|I/O Board Red LED]]
|-
| 6
| 9
| [[#LEDs|I/O Board Green LED]]
|-
| 6
| 12
| Reserved
|-
| 6
| 13
| [[#Digital_Output|DIO 3 Out]] or PWM on [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal]]
|-
| 6
| 14
| HSPWM enable
|-
| 6
| 15
| PWM enable, both OE and dat
|-
| 7
| 0
| [[#Interrupts|Touchscreen IRQ]]
|-
| 7
| 2
| FPGA Strapping Pin
|-
| 7
| 3
| FPGA Strapping Pin
|-
| 7
| 4
| FPGA Strapping Pin
|-
| 7
| 5
| FPGA Strapping Pin
|-
| rowspan=2 | 7
| rowspan=2 | 6
| Data 0: Select 3.3 V power on [[#CN16_XBee_Socket|CN16 XBee Socket]] <ref name=INdis>To disable power on this pin, set the GPIO as an input with 'gpioset' or otherwise</ref>
|-
| Data 1: Select 4 V power on [[#CN16_XBee_Socket|CN16 XBee Socket]] <ref name=INdis />
|-
| 7
| 8
| Enable MODEM on [[#CN16_XBee_Socket|CN16 XBee Socket]] <ref>Default enabled on P2 PCB</ref>
|-
| 7
| 9
| Enable USB interface on [[#CN16_XBee_Socket|CN16 XBee Socket]] <ref>This will relocate the USB channel connected to the top [[#USB|USB host port]]</ref>
|-
| 7
| 10
| I/O over-current/over-voltage breaker tripped <ref>This bit must be cleared manually after a trip to de-assert the associated IRQ</ref>
|-
| 7
| 11
| FPGA Strapping Pin
|-
| 7
| 12
| FPGA Strapping Pin
|-
| 7
| 13
| Reserved
|-
| 7
| 14
| LCD backlight enable
|}

<references/>


=== Digital Inputs ===
The digital inputs on the TS-7100-Z are capable of supporting various voltage ranges and input modes. The digital inputs support dry contact switches as well as a driven input voltage. The table below lists each digital input, the bank and pin number for reading the input, the maximum input voltage range, the threshold voltages, as well as the location of the input. VIH Min is the minimum voltage on the input to trigger a logic 1 input. VIL Max is the maximum voltage on the input to trigger a logic 0 input. All of the digital inputs are hysteretic. The driving input must be able to at least sink current to drive the input low, but all digital inputs are compatible with push-pull drivers.

{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Input Name
! Bank
! Pin
! V Range
! VIH Min
! VIL Max
! Location
|-
| Digital In 1
| 5
| 6
| 0-30 V
| ~2.57 V
| ~0.95 V
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 9]]
|-
| Digital In 2
| 5
| 7
| 0-30 V
| ~2.57 V
| ~0.95 V
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 11]]
|-
| Digital In 3
| 5
| 8
| 0-30 V
| ~2.57 V
| ~0.95 V
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 13]]
|-
| DIO 1 In <ref name=DIO>This GPIO should only be read as an input. Its value reflects the voltage on the physical CN32 pin, regardless of [[#Digital_Outputs|output status]]</ref>
| 5
| 2
| 0-30 V
| ~2.54 V
| ~0.90 V
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 14]]
|-
| DIO 2 In <ref name=DIO/>
| 5
| 3
| 0-30 V
| ~2.54 V
| ~0.90 V
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 16]]
|-
| DIO 3 In <ref name=DIO/>
| 5
| 4
| 0-30 V
| ~2.54 V
| ~0.90 V
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 18]]
|-
| AIN 1 In <ref name=AIN>The AIN pins can be used as Digital Inputs, but require software changes first. See the [[#ADC|ADC section]] for more information</ref>
| 0
| 5
| 0-12 V
| ~8.60 V
| ~7.90 V
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 25]]
|-
| AIN 2 In <ref name=AIN/>
| 0
| 8
| 0-12 V
| ~8.60 V
| ~7.90 V
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 23]]
|-
| AIN 3 In <ref name=AIN/>
| 0
| 9
| 0-12 V
| ~8.60 V
| ~7.90 V
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 21]]
|-
| AIN 4 In <ref name=AIN/>
| 0
| 0
| 0-12 V
| ~8.60 V
| ~7.90 V
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 19]]
|}

<references/>

=== Digital Outputs ===
The TS-7100-Z supports a handful of digital output pins. These are able to act as high-current low-side switches. The table below lists each digital output, the bank and pin number for accessing it, the maximum voltage rating, the maximum current output, as well as the location of the pin.

{|class="wikitable sortable"
! DIO Name
! Bank
! Pin
! Max V Rating
! Max A Rating
! Location
|-
| DIO 1 Out
| 5
| 0
| 30 V
| 700 mA (sink) <ref name=breaker>Not to exceed 1000 mA total across all three Digital I/O, doing so will cause the [[#Digital_I/O_Over-Current_Breaker|over-current breaker]] to trip</ref>
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 14]]
|-
| DIO 2 Out
| 5
| 1
| 30 V
| 700 mA (sink) <ref name=breaker/>
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 16]]
|-
| DIO 3 Out
| 6
| 13
| 30 V
| 700 mA (sink) <ref name=breaker/>
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 18]]
|-
| High-Side Switch
| 5
| 15
| 48 V <ref>The output voltage is the same as the TS-7100-Z input voltage</ref>
| 300 mA (source) <ref>Exceeding 330 mA will cause the [[#Digital_I/O_Over-Current_Breaker|over-current breaker]] to trip</ref>
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 27]]
|}

<references/>


==== Digital Output Over-Current Breaker ====
The TS-7100-Z I/O PCB in combination with the FPGA on the TS-7100, implements an electronic over-current breaker. When this breaker is tripped all three DIO Out paths will be disable, High-Side Switch output will be disabled, [[##4-20_mA|analog current loops]] will be disabled, and the red LED on the TS-7100-Z I/O board will be illuminated. That is, digital outputs will cease to sink or source any amount of current, and the AIN inputs will have 4-20 mA input disabled. The tripped breaker will also trigger a [[#Interrupts|DIO fault breaker interrupt]] as well as set the associated [[#GPIO|GPIO output, 7 10]]. The GPIO output, 7 10, must be cleared manually in order to reset the IRQ output. However, once the breaker trips, and the trip condition is cleared; all relevant GPIO settings can immediately be re-enabled without clearing this GPIO output bit.


''' Trip Conditions '''

See the table above for each DIO channel's maximum current rating. Note that the breaker does ''NOT'' enforce these ratings per DIO channel. The breaker will trip if the combined total amount of current sunk from all three digital outputs exceeds 1 A.

See the table above for the High-Side Switch's maximum current rating. If the rated max supply current is exceeded, the breaker will trip.

Note that all of these are in parallel. If the combined DIO sink current OR High-Side Switch current is exceeded, then the breaker will trip. The over-current breaker will also disable analog 4-20 mA current loop measurements.

== Gyro-Accelerometer ==

== I2C ==
The i.MX6UL supports standard I2C at 100 kHz, or using fast mode for 400 kHz operation.


The kernel makes the I2C available at /dev/i2c-# as noted above.  Linux i2c-tools (i2cdetect, i2cget, i2cset) can be used to interface with devices, or [https://github.com/embeddedarm/linux-4.9.y/blob/master/Documentation/i2c/dev-interface custom clients can be written].


== Interrupts ==
{{:TS-4100_interrupts}}


== LCD ==
=== Splash Screen ===
{{:240x320-LCD-splash-screen}}

The 'splash-convert' tool is available in the [https://github.com/embeddedarm/ts7100-utils TS-7100 utilities] repository.


The "splash.out" file can be written to the SPI NOR flash with the following command:
<source lang=bash>
dd if=/path/to/splash.out of=/dev/mtdblock0 bs=4096 conv=sync
</source>
Note that the "bs" and "conv" arguments should always be specified when writing to this SPI NOR device with 'dd' to ensure that the eraseblocks do not receive unnecessary erases and that a full eraseblock is written every time.

Also note that on the TS-7100, the SPI NOR flash is 2 MiB but the splash screen only consumes 152 KiB of space. The rest of this flash space can be used for general storage if wanted.

== LEDs ==
The red and green LEDs can be controlled from userspace after bootup using the sysfs LED interface.  For example, to turn on the red LED:
<source lang=bash>
echo 1 > /sys/class/leds/cpu-red-led/brightness
</source>


The following LEDs are available on this system:
* cpu-red-led
* cpu-green-led
* io-red-led
* io-green-led

A number of triggers are also available, including timers, disk activity, and heartbeat.  These allow the LEDs to represent various system activities as they occur.  See the [https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/leds/leds-class.txt kernel LED documentation] for more information on triggers and general use of LED class devices.


== Magnetometer ==

== Relays ==
{{:TS-7100 Relays}}

== Sleep ==
{{Note| This section is incomplete at this time.}}
=== Suspend-to-RAM ===

== SPI ==
See the [https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/spi/spidev kernel spidev documentation] for more information on interfacing with the SPI peripherals.


<!-- Supervisory microcontroller section.
Be sure to add this text:
The userspace control application 'silabs', can be used to manipulate some basic WDT features. Note that while this application supports manipulation of the timeout value and direct feeding, we '''do not''' recommend using this for standard watchdog interaction. We recommend handling watchdog manipulation through [[#Watchdog|the kernel interface]] so only a single source is used to interact with the WDT hardware.
-->
== TS-SILO Supercapacitors ==


== UARTs ==
The TS-7100-Z provides three general-purpose UARTs as well as UARTs dedicated to Bluetooth and the NimbeLink socket:
{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Location
! Compatibility
! Device
! UART /dev
! Type
! TX / + Loc.
! RX / - Loc.
|-
| i.MX6UL
|
| UART2
| ttymxc1
| RS-232
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 1]]
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 3]]
|-
| i.MX6UL
|
| UART3
| ttymxc2
| Bluetooth
| N/A
| N/A
|-
| i.MX6UL
|
| UART4
|
| NimbeLink
| [[#NimbeLink_Socket|Socket, pin 3]]
| [[#NimbeLink_Socket|Socket, pin 2]]
|-
| i.MX6UL
|
| UART5
| ttymxc4
| RS-232
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 5]]
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 7]]
|-
| FPGA
|
|
| ttyS0
| RS-485
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 29]]
| [[#CN32_Terminal_Block|CN32 Terminal, pin 31]]
|-
|}


=== RS-485 ===
RS-485 is implemented via a UART interface inside of the FPGA. This device handles automatic TXEN assertion and de-assertion for half-duplex RS-485 communication. See the [[#UARTs|UARTs section]] for the location of the RS-485 port.

== USB Controller ==
The i.MX6ul provides two USB hosts supporting USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/s).  Typically this is interfaced with by using Linux drivers, but low level USB communication is possible using [https://libusb.info/ libusb].

{{Note|When the XBee/NimbeLink socket is enabled, only the lower USB port is available.}}

== Watchdog ==
{{:TS-7100_watchdog}}


== WiFi ==
{{:TS-4100 WIFI}}

= Specifications =
{{Note|This section is incomplete at this time.}}
== Power Specifications ==
The TS-7100-Z accepts a range of voltages from 8 V to 48 V DC.


== Power Consumption ==


=== TS-SILO SuperCaps ===


= External Interfaces =
== CN32 Terminal Block ==
{{:TS-7100 IO Terminal Block}}

== Ethernet Ports ==
{{:TS-7100 Ethernet ports}}

== CN16 XBee Socket ==
{{:TS-7100 Nimbelink}}

== Power Terminal Block ==
{{:TS-7100 Power connector}}

== USB Ports ==
{{:TS-7100 USB Ports}}

= Revisions and Changes =
{{Note|This section is incomplete at this time.}}
== FPGA Changelog ==


== Microcontroller Changelog ==


== PCB Revisions ==


== Software Images ==
=== Debian Changelog ===


== U-Boot ==


{{:General Footer}}
{{:imx28 Warranty}}

{{:EMMC Warranty}}